Greek -- hades - god of the dead, also known as Pluto.
In Judaism, Hades was identified, along with Sheol, as a place where the dead await judgement.
In the first and second centuties B.C, Jews believed that the unrighteous dead went to one part of Hades while the righteous dead went to another part called paradise or Abraham's bossom.
In the Greek NT Hades occurs in Mt. 11:23; 16:18 LK. 10:15 16:23 Acts 2:27, 31; 1 Cor. 15:55; Rev. 1:18; 6:8; 20:13,14
English translations refer to Hades as hell and often times refered to as the final punishment which is Gehenna in the Greek.
Unlike Gehenna, Hades is never used of the place of final punishment, which we call hell. The gates of Hades represents the rallying point of Satan's forces.
and I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it. Mt. 16:18 ( NIV)
Abyss ~ In Greek culture abyssos, meaning bottomless served as an image of the mysterious realm of the dead. Abyss occurs many times in Revelation for the underground chasm where evil demonic beings are imprisoned and from which the beast arises.
And I saw an angel coming down out of heaven, having the key to the Abyss and holding in his hand a great chain. He seized the dragon, that ancient serpent, who is the devil, or Satan, and bound him for a thousand years. He threw him into the Abyss , and locked and sealed it over him, to keep him from deceiving the nations anymore until the thousand years were ended. After that he must be set free for a short time. Rev. (20: 1-3)NIV
Now when they have finished their testimony, the beast that comes up from the Abyss will attack them, and overpower and kill them. Their bodies will lie in the street of the great city, which is figurtively called Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified. For three and a half days men from every people , tribe, language and nation will gaze on their bodies and refuse them burial.
The inhabitants of the earth will gloat over them and will celebrate by sending each other gifts, because these two prophets had tormented those who live on the earth. But after the three and a half days a breath of life from God entered them, and they stood on their feet, and terror struck those who saw them. Then they heard a loud voice from heaven saying to them, Come up here and they went up to heaven in a cloud, while their enemies looked on.
At that very hour there was a severe earthquake and a tenth of the city collapsed. Seven thousand people were killed in the earthquake and the survivors were terrified and gave glory to the God of heaven.
(Rev 11:7-13) NIV
The beast , which you saw , once was, now is not, and will come up out of the Abyss and go to his distruction. The inhabitants of the earth whose names have not been written in the book of life from the creation of the world will be astonished when they see the beast, because he once was , now is not, and yet will come. (Rev. 17: 8) NIV
